Awoṣe alaisan ti o ni idiwọn itanna fun ikẹkọ puncture okeerẹ

Awọn ẹya ara ẹrọ:
1. Awoṣe jẹ irọra, ejika ati irọri ti o pọju, ori ti o yipada si apa osi, asọ ti o rọ, ifọwọkan gidi, ati irisi ti o daju.
2. Ipo anatomical deede: clavicle, acromial end of clavicle, clavsternal end, clavicular head of sternocleidomastoid muscle, sternocleidomastoid muscle pectoral bone, ribs, intercostal space, suprasternal fossa,
Laini aarinclavicular, laini axillary iwaju, laini midaxillary, laini axillary ti o tẹle, ọpa ẹhin iliac ti o ga julọ iwaju, iliac ridge, umbilicus, ligament inguinal le ni akiyesi kedere.
3. Ni awọn puncture ti ẹdọ abscess, awọn tutu ojuami ti ẹdọ agbegbe le wa ni ri, ati awọn ede ti ìmí idaduro ikẹkọ le ti wa ni daba, ati awọn puncture le tẹle awọn ilu ti ìmí idaduro.
4. Inu puncture ti wa ni ošišẹ ti ni ọtun tabi sosi ipo eke pẹlu inu arinbo dullness percussion ikẹkọ.
5. Ologbele-decubitus ipo (simulating àìdá alaisan), seese thoracentesis.
6. Tita iṣọn iṣan jugular inu jẹ eyiti o ṣeeṣe fun iṣọn-ẹjẹ iṣọn carotid.
7. Intracardiac abẹrẹ.
8. Iliac ọra inu egungun puncture.
9. Iṣeṣe ikẹkọ aseptic iṣẹ iṣaaju ti o ṣeeṣe.
10. Fi ọwọ kan pulse iṣọn abo abo, laini iṣọn abo
Awọn puncture.
11. Abojuto itanna: Nigbati o ba n ṣiṣẹ àyà ati ẹdọ puncture,
Abẹrẹ puncture yẹ ki o wa ni idorikodo ni eti oke ti iha isalẹ
puncture taara, puncture aṣiṣe ohun tọ.